Here are some common interview questions on Solution Design Document (SDD) along with sample answers:
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1. What is a Solution Design Document (SDD)?
Answer:
A Solution Design Document (SDD) is a detailed document that outlines the architecture, components, workflow, and implementation details of a solution. It serves as a blueprint for developers, testers, and stakeholders to understand the solution's design before implementation.
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2. What are the key components of an SDD?
Answer:
A typical SDD includes:
1. Project Overview – Brief description of the project and business problem.
2. Solution Architecture – High-level design, including system components and interactions.
3. Process Flow – End-to-end workflow diagrams.
4. Infrastructure Requirements – Hardware, software, and network specifications.
5. Security Considerations – Authentication, authorization, and data encryption.
6. Exception Handling – Error handling and recovery mechanisms.
7. Assumptions & Constraints – Limitations and conditions of the solution.
8. Deployment & Maintenance – Steps for implementation and support.
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3. Why is an SDD important in solution design?
Answer:
An SDD is important because:
It provides clarity and alignment between stakeholders.
It ensures consistency and standardization in development.
It serves as a reference for future maintenance and upgrades.
It reduces risks by identifying potential challenges early.
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4. How do you create an SDD?
Answer:
To create an SDD:
1. Gather business and technical requirements.
2. Define architecture and solution components.
3. Design workflow diagrams for process understanding.
4. Document infrastructure, security, and exception handling.
5. Review and validate the document with stakeholders.
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5. What tools do you use to create an SDD?
Answer:
Common tools include:
Microsoft Word/Google Docs – For documentation.
Visio/Lucidchart/Draw.io – For process and architecture diagrams.
Confluence – For collaboration and version control.
JIRA/Trello – For tracking design updates and implementation.
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6. How do you ensure the SDD meets business and technical requirements?
Answer:
Stakeholder reviews – Conduct periodic discussions with business and IT teams.
Validation checkpoints – Cross-check design with business use cases.
Traceability matrix – Map requirements to solution components.
Prototyping/Pilot testing – Validate feasibility before full implementation.
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7. What challenges do you face while creating an SDD?
Answer:
Some challenges include:
Incomplete requirements – Business stakeholders may not provide full details.
Technical constraints – System limitations might impact the design.
Stakeholder alignment – Different teams may have conflicting expectations.
Changing requirements – Scope changes can impact the design.
To overcome these, I ensure continuous communication, proper documentation, and agile iterations.
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8. Can you explain a real-time scenario where you created an SDD?
Answer:
(Provide a relevant example from your experience.)
"In one of my projects in the BFSI sector, we were automating a claims processing workflow. The SDD covered the bot architecture, integrations with third-party APIs, security requirements (data encryption), and exception handling (manual review for failed cases). We ensured compliance with industry regulations and validated the solution through stakeholder reviews before implementation."
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9. What are the best practices for writing an effective SDD?
Answer:
Keep it clear and concise – Avoid unnecessary complexity.
Use diagrams and visuals – Helps in better understanding.
Maintain version control – Track changes to avoid confusion.
Align with standards – Follow organization/industry best practices.
Review with stakeholders – Ensure accuracy and completeness.
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10. How do you handle changes in an existing SDD?
Answer:
Assess the impact – Check how changes affect existing components.
Update the document – Clearly mention revisions with a change log.
Communicate with stakeholders – Get approvals before implementation.
Version control – Maintain historical versions for reference.
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